Charles Townshend papers, 1660-1804 (majority within 1748-1767)

Summary

Creator:

Townshend, Charles, 1725-1767

Abstract:

The Townshend papers included the private and public records of Charles Townshend who served in various positions in the government of Great Britain including as Secretary of War during the Seven Years War and as Chancellor of the Exchequer where he authored the Townshend Acts to tax the American colonies.

Extent:

9.5 linear feet

Language:

English

Authors:

Collection processed and finding aid created by Rob S. Cox, 1996 and Shannon Wait, 2011

Background

Scope and Content:

The Townshend papers contain approximately 2,600 items, including letters, documents, accounts, and printed matter relating to the public life and activities of Charles Townshend, gathered largely during the last period of his career. The collection is an extremely valuable resource for study of British commercial and mercantile policy in the 1760s, administrative perspectives on the mounting crisis in the North American colonies, and the inner workings of British political life. The papers reflect Townshend's serious research efforts in his role as policymaker; much of the collection consists of documents that he gathered for his own information on legal cases, British politics, financial and treasury matters, and affairs in North America, the West Indies, and Africa. Also present is a small amount of incoming and outgoing correspondence and an assortment of memoranda and speech drafts by Townshend. The collection spans 1660-1804, but the bulk centers around the 1750s and 1760s, when Townshend held an appointment on the Board of Trade and Plantations (1748-1754) and served as Lord of the Admiralty (1754), Secretary-at-War (1762-1763), President of the Board of Trade (1763-1765), Paymaster General (1765-1766) and Chancellor of the Exchequer (1766-1767). The collection was originally arranged by Charles Townshend into numerous bundles marked with wrappers. This original order has largely been maintained and hence, document types and topics are scattered across the collection. One volume of letters sent from Charles Townshend to Dr. Richard Brocklesby (1722-1797) was acquired separately and was formerly a part of Thomas Phillipps library as Ms 15648.

See "Additional Descriptive Data" for a partial subject index of the papers as well as a list of printed matter in the collection.

Correspondence

A moderate amount of Townshend's incoming and outgoing correspondence is located throughout the collection. This includes contemporary copies of his letters to and from William Barrington and Thomas Gage relating to the War Office during his time as Secretary-at-War (Box 8/ Bundle 2), numerous incoming letters concerning patronage and requesting favors (8/3/A), and correspondence between Townshend and John Morton concerning politics and happenings in the House of Commons in 1764-1766 (8/37). Also present are a series of letters written from the Mediterranean by Commodore Augustus Keppel, describing British peace negotiations with Tunis and Tripoli and the signing of a treaty on October 21, 1751, (Box 297/1/2) and incoming correspondence on a variety of topics from William Dowdeswell, George Sackville-Germain, George Younge, William Shirley, Edmund Burke, Wellbore Ellis, George Macaulay, Edward Walpole, Henry Pelham-Clinton (3rd Duke of Newcastle), and John Stuart, (3rd Earl Bute). A separate volume includes correspondence sent from Charles Townshend to Dr. Richard Brocklesby between 1763 and 1765, including personal reflections on political affairs, reactions to events and key figures, comments about publications and public opinion, and more.

Legal Papers

The collection also contains scattered documents relating to legal issues and court cases in the late-18th century. The box marked 8/5 contains accounts of the court cases of the following parties, heard before the House of Lords and the Commissioners of Appeals in 1760: Francis Watkins; Francis Dalby; the Proprietors of Sulbrave, Northamptonshire; the Pennsylvania Land Company; a group of London fishmongers; and John Potter, Archbishop of Canterbury. Also represented are several cases concerning prizes captured by Dutchmen (8/5). Other legal papers include those relating to Townshend's wife, Caroline, 1st Baroness Greenwich, which span 1754 to 1789 and are located in Box 298, and documents concerning Samuel Waldo and his service in the Siege of Louisburg (8/24/a).

Other Documents

The Charles Townshend papers contain numerous documents gathered by Townshend for his own information or created by him during the process of policymaking. These include many items relating to North America, including reports on trade, military matters, the characteristics and features of various regions, and debates on British policies. Among the military-related topics addressed are recruitment for the British army in North America in the years 1753-1763 (8/22), expenses of maintaining a force in North America for 1765-1766 (8/28), the cost of maintaining various British forts (8/31), and the debate over foreign officers' commissions in America in 1756 (8/4). Other items concern trade between North America and Great Britain; this includes a 1761 memorandum on the prevalence of smuggling in Boston (297), information on Newfoundland fisheries (8/4 and 299), and notes on the importation of iron bar from America (299). A group of undated documents relate to the settlement of East and West Florida (8/34) and the expenses related to the settlement of East Florida by Greeks (297/4/5). Box 8/31 contains Townshend's own notes on his proposal to impose new duties on salt, wine, oil, fruit, glass, tea, sugar, molasses, china, and paper. A draft of the Townshend Duties is also included in the papers.

Other documents in the collection concern a variety of British political matters, such as contested 1754 English parliamentary elections (8/32), estimates of the strength of several parties in the House of Commons (8/42), and proceedings against John Wilkes in the House of Commons (296). The collection also includes Townshend notes for his speeches opposing the Marriage Act (298), and documents concerning his election to Parliament for Great Yarmouth in 1754 and 1756 (8/52).

Additional scattered papers relate to world trade and matters of the British Treasury. A substantial amount of material concerns the East India Company, including debates on the taxation of tea, memoranda concerning precedents for government intervention in East India Company matters, and Townshend's 1766 notes on a bill concerning East India, all of which are located in the Bowhill Box. Box 298 contains many lists and statistics on British imports and exports abroad, particularly to the North American colonies. Other documents pertain to the British manufacture of earthenware and china, the coal trade (8/40), and trade with Africa, including the activities of the Committee on African trade in 1752-1754 (297/5/3).

Biographical / Historical:

Charles Townshend was born at Raynham Hall in Norfolk, England, on August 27, 1725, the second of five children of Charles Townshend, 3rd Viscount Townshend (1700-1764), and his wife, Etheldreda Audrey Harrison (ca. 1708-1788). In 1741, his parents formally separated, and Townshend took the side of his father. The next year, he entered Clare College, Cambridge, where he studied for three years, followed by a year at Leiden University, and an additional year devoted to the study of law at Lincoln's Inn.

Townshend's political career began in 1747, when he entered Parliament for Great Yarmouth, a seat he held until 1756. He subsequently represented Saltash (1756-1761), and Harwich (1761-1767), and gained a reputation as an excellent speechmaker. He also held an appointment on the Board of Trade and Plantations (1748-1754) and served as Lord of the Admiralty (1754). In 1755, he married Caroline (Campbell) Scott, the wealthy widow of Francis Scott, Earl of Dalkeith, and thereby became stepfather to Henry Scott, 3rd Duke of Buccleuch (1746-1812). With Caroline, he had a daughter, Anne (b. 1756).

On March 18, 1761, Townshend succeeded William Barrington as Secretary-at-War, and in December 1762, he voted against the Earl of Bute's preliminary overtures to end the Seven Years' War and resigned in protest over the administration's stance. He was brought back in the following year by George Grenville as president of the Board of Trade, 1763-1765, but soon became a vocal critic of Grenville, contributing to the downfall of the ministry. After the accession of the Rockingham Whigs, Townshend was retained as paymaster general. On August 2, 1766, when the Earl of Chatham formed his second administration, Townshend was appointed Chancellor of the Exchequer. Soon after, Chatham suffered health problems and was forced to withdraw from active oversight. Townshend took this opportunity to maximize his influence over the ministry, creating his wife baroness of Greenwich and securing for his brother the lord-lieutenancy of Ireland. He also turned his attention to increasing the revenue from the North American colonies. Declaring himself in favor of the recently repealed Stamp Act, he introduced a series of measures, known as the Townshend Acts, designed to deal with the unrest in America, including the suspension of the New York Colonial Assembly, the establishment of resident commissioners of customs in the colonies, and the introduction of duties on glass, lead, paint, paper, and tea. This engendered the widespread opposition of the colonists, but Townshend did not live to see its consequences; he died suddenly of a fever at the age of 41 on September 4, 1767.

Acquisition Information:

1947, 1977. M-663, M-1773 .

Custodial History:

The Townshend papers were held by the Duke of Buccleuch, a descendant of Townshend's wife Caroline Townshend, 1st Baroness Greenwich, and before coming to the Clements Library were on deposit at the Scottish Record Office as collection GD/244.

Processing information:

Cataloging funded by the National Endowment for the Humanities (NEH) and the "We the People" project.

Arrangement:

The Charles Townshend papers were removed from the much larger Buccleuch papers at the Scottish Record Office. The third Duke of Buccleuch, Henry Scott, was Townshend's stepson through his marriage to Caroline (Campbell) Scott, Lady Dalkeith. The box and bundle numbers used by the Scottish Record Office to arrange the papers have been retained, and in most instances the bundle numbers follow Townshend's own original arrangement as listed on the original wrappers. In some cases, the order of items within bundles has been changed to correct errors in numbering, and items that were inadvertently split up in the past have been placed back in association.

The Townshend papers bring together three parts of the Buccleuch papers relating to Charles Townshend:

• Box VIII
• Boxes 295-299
• Bowhill Box

Box VIII, so-called, originated at Dalkeith House and has been put into 17 archival boxes containing approximately 1670 items.

Boxes 295-299 contain approximately 800 items.

The "Bowhill Box" contains 30 items found in the 20th century at the Bowhill House belonging to the Buccleuch dukes.

The volume of letters from Charles Townshend to Dr. Brocklesby was formerly part of the Thomas Phillipps library, Ms 15648.

Rules or Conventions:

Finding aid prepared using Describing Archives: A Content Standard (DACS)

Related

Additional Descriptive Data:

Printed Material

• The Case of Francis Dalby, of London, Merchant, submitted to the House of Commons, printed 3 pp. regarding Ship Francis, voyage to Madeira and South Carolina with Rice cargo, January 1743. Box/Folder 8/5/5
• Appendix to the Respondents Case, 4 pp. folio, Prize case, before Lord Commissioners of Appeals, ship involved in West Indian trade. Box/Folder 8/5/17
• Lords Commissioners of Appeals, Case of Roelof Laurensen, Dutch ship Master, Sept. 13, 1757, 3 pp. folio, regarding ship de Vriendschap. Box/Folder 8/5/18
• Lords Commissioners of Appeals, Case of Prize Causes, 6 pp. folio, March, 1760, regarding Ship Den Amstel, Frederick De Witt, Master. Box/Folder 8/5/19
• Lords Commissioners of Appeals for Prizes, De Constantiz, James Benson vs. Richard Harman, Respondent Harman's Case, 1760, March 12, folio, 4 pp. Box/Folder 8/5/22
• Lords Commissioners of Appeals for Prizes, regarding Ship De Friendschap, Roeloff Laurensen, Master vs. William Bishop, Respondent, Respondent's case, 1760 March 20. Box/Folder 8/5/23
• Lords Commissioners of Appeals for Prizes, regarding De Resoluties, Reyndert Everts Johannes, Respondent, Respondent's Case, folio, 4 pp. Box/Folder 8/5/24
• Lords Commissioners of Appeals for Prizes, regarding De Juffrow Maria, Master Peter Velde, Appendix to the Case, 4 pp. folio, March, 1657. Box/Folder 8/5/25
• House of Lords, Appeals Court, William Richardson vs. John Chapman, The Appellent Case, 1760 Feb. Monday 18. Box/Folder 8/5/26
• Lords Commissioners of Prize Causes, The Appellant's Case in Pieter Vander Velde vs. William Olave, heard 1760, March 6, 4 pp. Box/Folder 8/5/28
• Observations on the Fishermen's Attempt to render ineffectual an Act, passed in the Twenty-second, and another in the Twenty-ninth, Year of his Majesty's Reign, to prevent the Forestalling and Monopolizing of fish, regarding Billingsgate market. Folio, 4 pp. Box/Folder 8/5/29
• The Maryland Gazette, July 11, 1765, complete, 4 pp. Box/Folder 8/22/18
• The New York Gazette, and Weekly Post-Boy, Nov. 7, Thurs, 1765, 2 pp. incomplete. Box/Folder 8/22/19
• Arrest du Conseil d'état du Roi, qui casse l'Arrête pris par le Parlement de Paris le 11 Fevrier 1766, sur ce qui s'est passé en Bretagne, du 2 Mars 1766, regarding Protesting the authority of the King to arrest the Parlement of Paris, with engraving at top of Seal of Parliament of Paris, 3 pp. Box/Folder 8/24a/70
• The Case of the Sitting Members for the Borough of Haslemere, [1754], 2 pp. Box/Folder 8/32/5
• The Case of Mr. Burrell, Petitioner for the Borough of Haslemere, in Surry, against Messrs. Molineux and Webb, [1754], 2 pp. Re. Contested election of 1754 in which Peter Burrell (1692-1756) was defeated by Peter Carteret Webb (1700-1770) and James More Molyneux (1723-1759) for borough of Haslemere in County Kent. (cf. Namier and Brooke, House of Commons, II, 160). Box/Folder 8/32/6
• Proposals from East India Company Court of Directors to General Court March, 1767 [C.f. Shelburne Papers vol. 90; Sutherland, 1666-67; printed in Records of East India Company, Court Books, 45 and 76.] Box/Folder 8/33/1-28
• Number l. A Scheme of suitable Propositions for procuring an Extension of the Company's Charter, or exclusive right of Trade, by another Act of parliament, folio 2 pp. Endorsement, Crawley 1st. Box/Folder 8/33/1
• Same as above. Box/Folder 8/33/2
• Number II. Proposals as a Basis for settling an Agreement between the Government and the Company, taking the Committee of Treasury's Plan for a Model, with such Amendments as I think necessary, 3 pp. folio. endorsement, Mr. Sullivan. Box/Folder 8/33/3
• Same as above. Box/Folder 8/33/4
• No. 3. Propositions to serve as the Basis of a Negotiation with Government, 2 pp. folio, Endorsement, Sullivan. Box/Folder 8/33/5
• Same as above. Box/Folder 8/33/6
• Number IV. The following is submitted as Heads of Proposals to Parliament from the East-India Company, folio, 2 pp. endorsement, Cust. Box/Folder 8/33/7
• Same as above. Box/Folder 8/33/8
• Number V. A Proposal in lieu of all other Offers, except £800,000 to be given in the course of this Year, for the Prolongation of the Charter, folio, 2 pp. Endorsement, Sir James Hodges. Box/Folder 8/33/9
• Same as above. Box/Folder 8/33/10
• Number VI. Terms Suitable for a Basis of Accommodation between the Government and the East India Company, folio. 2 pp. Endorsement, Mr. Crawley his second proposition. Box/Folder 8/33/11
• Same as above. Box/Folder 8/33/12
• Number VII. Outline of a Scheme, for separating the Commercial Affairs of the Company, from that Share of the Profits, arising from the Dewannee, which may be ceded to the Public, in such Manner, as to remove the supposed Necessity of receiving the Public, into a Partnership in Trade, folio, 2 pp., Endorsement, Lord Poulett. Box/Folder 8/33/13
• Same as above. Box/Folder 8/33/14
• Number XIII. Propositions of the Court of Directors, offered to the Consideration of the General Court, as the Basis of an Agreement between the Public and the East-India Company. Folio, 3 pp. [Copy in Shelburne Papers 90/429] Box/Folder 8/33/15
• Number VIII. Hints humbly offered and submitted to the Consideration of the Honorable the Court of Directors of the United East India Company, in order to facilitate an Accommodation between the Public and the said Company, folio, 4 pp. Endorsed, Mr. Falio, No. 8. Box/Folder 8/33/16
• Same as above. Box/Folder 8/33/17
• Number IX. Propositions to serve as the Basis of A Treaty between the Government and the East-India Company, folio, 3 pp. Box/Folder 8/33/18
• Same as above. Box/Folder 8/33/19
• Same as above. Box/Folder 8/33/20
• No. 10. Propositions to serve as the Ground of a Petition to the Honourable House of Commons, from the Proprietors of the East-India Company, folio, 4 pp., Endorsement, Mr. Stewart his first proposition. No. 10. Box/Folder 8/33/21
• Same as above. Box/Folder 8/33/22
• Number XI. The Outline of a Proposal, by Way of Petition to the Honourable House of Commons, suggesting the expedients from whence a Basis may be formed, for an Agreement between the Public and the East-India Company, folio, 4 pp., Endorsement, Mr. Stewart his second proposition, No. 11. Box/Folder 8/33/23
• Same as above. Box/Folder 8/33/24
• Sketch of a Plan of Participation with the Publick, folio, 1 p. Endorsement, Mr. Walsh, No. 12. Box/Folder 8/33/25
• Number XIII. Propositions of the Court of Directors, offered to the Consideration of the General Court, as the Basis of an agreement between the Public and the East-India Company, folio, 3 pp. Endorsement, The Court of Directors, No. 13. Box/Folder 8/33/26
• Same as above; with Townshend's marginal notes. Box/Folder 8/38/10
• The Case of the Governor and Company of Merchants of England Trading to the Levant Seas, folio, 3 pp. [1752]. Box/Folder 8/30/57
• A Bill for Enlarging and Regulating the Trade into the Levant Seas, folio, 8 pp. with marginal notes by Townshend, [1754]. Box/Folder 8/30/47
• The Case of The Merchants who have suffered by the Seizure of the Treasure on board the Prince Frederick Packet Boat by the Algerines, n.d., folio, 3 pp. Box/Folder 8/30/33
• A Bill for Opening and Establishing certain Ports in the Islands of Jamaica and Dominica, for the more free Importation and Exportation of certain Goods and Merchandizes, 1766, folio 6 pp. With marginal notes in Townshend's hand. Box/Folder 8/34/14
• Regulations for Opening the Island of Dominica as a Free-Port, approved by the Merchants of the West Indian and North American Committees, in order to increase the consumption of our Manufactures, and to extend the Trade and navigation of Great Britain, 1 p. folio. [1765 ? n.d. can be figured out]. Box/Folder 8/34/33
• Mr. Kerr's Reasons for Opening the Port of Lucea, under Restrictions, in preference to Montego Bay Answered, with Observations thereon, folio, 2 pp. n.d. Box/Folder 8/34/47
• The Case of Major Charles Craven, of the late Sir William Pepperel's Regiment, reduced in North America, and now on Half Pay. folio, 1 p. n.d. [1759?] Box/Folder 8/34/78
• A Bill for the better Protection and Security of all Persons who have acted in Pursuance of, or in Obedience to, the late Order of Council, laying an Embargo on wheat and Wheat Flour; and for discharging all Proceedings against any Persons for, or upon Account of the said Embargo, 1766, 2 pp. Box/Folder 8/38/65
• At a Court of Directors of the United Company of Merchants of England, Trading to the East Indies, Holden December 24, 1760, considering how far it may be proper to reserve to themselves several Articles for the trade of the said Company... 1 p. folio, Robert James, Secretary, signed; endorsement, The Company's Indulgence. Box/Folder 8/38/62
• A Table exhibiting the standard of our Silver Money, as to goodness, with the true weight of 240 pennies, 60 groats, 20 shillings or a pound sterling in tale. 1748. Box/Folder 8/40/17
• Memorial for the Manufacturers and Traders in Lawns and Cambricks in Scotland, 4 pp. n.d. Box/Folder 8/40/22
• A Proposal for Improving Artillery, both by Sea and Land, John Muller, January 21, 1767, 3 pp. folio. Box/Folder 8/40/36
• Document, vellum; The Most Noble George Duke and Earl of Marlborough, Marquis of Blandford, Baron Churchill of Sandridge and Lord Lieutenant of the County of Oxford, and City and County of Oxford to The Right Hon. Charles Townshend,... do nominate, constitute and appoint Charles Townshend to be one of my Deputy Lieutenants... 1763 Oct. 13, signed Marlborough. [seal crumbling] Box/Folder 295/1//
• Printed Genealogy of the Townshend Family, beginning with Lodavie, a Noble Norman through Charles, before death, 2 pp. folio. Box/Folder 296/6/7
• Will of Christopher Crow Linstead, Printed form with blanks filled in, 1758 February 22, with seals, copy 20 had treasury stamp embossed; decorated with coat of arms in center, two medallions, on e George II, other anchors; Linstead described as a Mariner on H.M.S.Namur, under Capt. Mathew Buckle. Box/Folder 296/8/19 and 296/8/20
• Pocket sized book, A List of the Flag Officers of His Majesty's Fleet, 1755 July 1, gives names and year commissioned, 17 pp. Box/Folder 296/10/7
• An Act for the better Preventing of clandestine Marriages, 1754, January 1, 7 pp. Box/Folder 298/5/1
• Arrest du Conseil d'État du Roi, qui supprime le Benefice des Actions des Fermes, du 17 Juillet, 1766, Extrait des Registres du Conseil d'&Eaacute;tat, signé Phelypeaux, 1 p. Á Paris, de L'Imprimerie Royale, 1766. Box/Folder 298/6/4
• Instructions to Commander of His Majesty's ships, 4 pp. folio, custom-House, London n.d. [1766?] Endorsement, Instructions to Commanders of His Majesty's Ships; regarding means of stopping smuggling. Box/Folder 299/2/7
• An Act for granting to His Majesty certain sums of Money out of the Sinking Fund; and applying certain Monies remaining in the Exchequer, and the Savings out of the Monies granted in this Session of Parliament for the Pay of the Troops of Hanover, for the Service of the Year One thousand seven hundred and fifty seven... 30 Geo. II, 1757. Box/Folder 299/4/5
• An Act for enabling His Majesty to raise the Sum of Eight hundred thousand Pounds, for the Uses and Purposes therein mentioned; and for further appropriating the Supplies granted in this Session of Parliament, 31 Geo. II, 1758. Box/Folder 299/4/8
• The Case of Israel Jalabert, William Belchier, and James Talbot, Esqs., the Surviving Managers of The Royal Family Privateers, concerning the Imprisonment of George Walker, a Bankrupt, Most humbly submitted to the Consideration of Parliament, 20 pp. [1759?]The Case of George Walker, a Bankrupt, [1759] 3 pp., folio Box/Folder 299/4/20
• Representation from the Commissioners for Trade and Plantations, to the Right Honourable the Lords Spiritual and Temporal, In Parliament Assembled, in pursuance of their Lordships Addresses to His Majesty of the 1st and 5th of April, 1734, relating to the State of the British Islands in America, with regard to their Trades, their Strength, and Fortifications... London, Feb. 18, 1734. Box/Folder 299/4/12
• A State of the British Sugar-Colony Trade wherein the Sugar-Planters extravagant Valuations of their Plantation-Stock are re-valued, and their pretended Payment of Taxes is exposed... Part the Second... submitted to the House of Commons, J. Massie, 1759, 68 pp. incomplete. Box/Folder 299/4/22
• A Bill for Continuing, Amending, Explaining, and making more Effectual, an Act, made in the Nineteenth year of his present Majesty's Reign... An Act more Effectually to Prevent the Frauds and Abuses committed in the Admeasurement of Coal within the City and Liberty of Westminster, and that Part of the Duchy of Lancaster adjoining thereto, and the several Parishes of Saint Giles in the Fields, Saint Mary le Bon, and such part of the parish of Saint Andrew, Holborn, as lies in the County of Middlesex, 1759 June 1, with marginal notes by Townshend, and extract of Act 19 Geo. 2, in mss. sewn to front. Box/Folder 299/4/23
• A Bill, intituled, An Act for the better preventing of clandestine Marriages in that Part of Great Britain called Scotland, [1754, check date in HC Journals] blanks on bill not dated. Box/Folder 299/4/24
• A Bill with the Amendments to Explain and Amend the Act of the Twenty-ninth Year of his present Majesty, intituled, An Act for the Encouragement of Seamen, and the more speedy and effectual Manning his Majesty's Navy, 1759 June 1, with marginal notes by Townshend. Box/Folder 299/4/25
• A Bill for Amending and reducing into One Act of Parliament the three several Acts of the Twenty-sixth, Twenty-eighth, and Thirtieth Years of his Present Majesty's Reign, for the Amendment and Preservation of the Public Highways and Turnpike Roads of this Kingdom, [1759] Box/Folder 299/4/26
• Broadside; Sixth Regiment of Marines: first commanded by... Col. Moreton, died Apr. 1741, afterwards by Col. Cottrell, died Oct. 1746, a list of the names of Marines who served in the Sixth Regiment between 25 Oct. 1741 and 23 Feb. 1746, with balance of 20 shillings due them... with extracts from pamphlets written by J. Massie, April 1758, Shewing The Necessity of Paying punctually, frequently, and certainly, the wages of seamen. Box/Folder 299/4/16 and 299/4/17
• Jamaica, The Respondent's Case, Andrew Arcedeckne, Esq. Appellant vs. Thomas Hall, Esq., Respondent, To be heard... Privy-Council, 1758 February 9, with notes on back in Townshend's hand. Box/Folder 299/4/9
• A Proposal to the Publick, for Printing and Publishing the Genuine Receipt of the Composition and Preparation of the Medicine discovered by Mr. Francis Hauksbee, of Crane-Court, Fleet-Street, London, for Curing the Veneral Disease... in Order to manifest its most extensive usefulness both in the Army and the Navy, and for the General Benefit of Mankind, by Mr. Francis Hauksbee, London, March 25, 1757, 3 pp. Box/Folder 299/5/3
• Case of the Merchants of London, in relation to the Harbour of Rye, n.d. Box/Folder 299/5/5
• Reasons for Allowing the Importation of Bar-Iron from America, n.d., 3 pp., folio. Box/Folder 299/5/21

Partial Subject Index

Africa--Commerce--France	8/17
Africa--Commerce--Great Britain	8/17; 297/5; 298/2
Agriculture--United States	8/22; 296/5
Albany (N.Y.)--Defenses	8/28
Alcoholic beverage industry--Great Britain	8/10; 8/42
Alcoholic beverage industry--Scotland	8/10
Alcoholic beverages--Taxation--Great Britain	8/7; 8/10; 8/43
Algiers	8/30; 297/1
Antigua--History--18th century	298/4
Artisans--Great Britain	8/20
Asylums--Great Britain	299/2
Bankruptcy--Great Britain	299/4/20
Barley	Bowhill 14
Beer--Taxation--Great Britain	8/17
Bengal (India)--History	8/33
Blackfrier's Bridge (London, Eng.)	8/19
Brandy	8/43
Bridges--Great Britain	8/19
Calico--Taxation--Great Britain	8/18; 8/23
Channel Islands	297/2
Coal trade--Great Britain	8/40; 299/4/23
Coinage--Great Britain	8/40/17; 296/7
Company of Merchants of England Trading into the Levant Seas	8/30
Company of Merchants Trading to Africa	8/17
Corn Merchants	8/46
Cotton trade--Great Britain	8/34
Customs administration--Great Britain	8/22/A; 8/23; 8/26; 8/27; 8/30; 8/43; 297/2; 298/1
Customs administration--Great Britain--Colonies	8/39
Customs administration--North America	8/31
Dalby, Francis	8/5
Dartmouth (N.S.)--Census	8/27
Debts, Public--Great Britain	8/3/A; 8/23; 8/26; 8/52; 298/7
Delaware--History--Colonial period, ca.1600-1775	297/4
Denmark--History--18th century	298/6
Detroit (Mich.)	8/24/a
Distilleries--Law and legislation--Great Britain	8/5; 8/10; 8/43
Domestics--North America	8/27
Dominica--Commerce	8/34; 8/39
East India Company	8/23; 8/33; 8/38; 8/46; Bowhill 6
Elections--England--1754	8/32; 8/52; 297/3
Estates (Law)--Great Britain	8/20; 296/11; 299/2
Excise tax--Great Britain	8/3/A; 8/7; 8/10; 8/17; 8/18; 8/21; 8/23; 8/26; 8/30; 8/36; 8/43
Excise tax--North America	8/23; 8/30; 8/31, 8/34
Excise tax--Scotland	8/10; 8/22/A
Fernando Po (Equatorial Guinea)	299/5
Finance, Public--France	8/37; 8/52; 298/6
Finance, Public--Great Britain	See also Revenue; Excise; etc. 8/3/B; 8/19; 8/21; 8/46; 8/48; 297/4; 298/2; 298/6
Fisheries--Great Britain	8/3/A; 8/5/29
Fisheries--Newfoundland	8/4; 8/24/a; 8/45; 299/1
Florida--History--Colonial period, ca.1600-1775	8/28; 8/34; 8/45; 297/4
Foundling Hospital	8/19
France--Commerce--Africa	8/17
France--History--18th century	8/24a; 8/47; 8/52; 298/6
France. Marine	298/9
Franklin, Benjamin, 1706-1790	8/30
Fraud--Great Britain	8/18
Fruit--Taxation	8/31
Genealogy	296/6
Georgia--Defenses	8/28
Georgia--History--Colonial period, ca.1600-1775	8/44
Gibraltar	299/2
Glass industry--Great Britain	8/40
Gloves	299/2
Grain trade--Great Britain	8/14; 8/38/65; 8/46
Grain--Prices--Great Britain	8/14
Great Britain--Colonies--Commerce	See also under names of individual colonies 8/22; 8/33; 8/34; 8/46; 299/4
Great Britain--Colonies--North America	8/26; 8/31; 296/5; 299/4
Great Britain--Colonies--North America--Administration	8/25; 8/31; 297/4; 297/6; 299/4
Great Britain--Commerce--Africa	8/17; 297/5; 298/2
Great Britain--Commerce--India	See also East India Company; 8/33; 8/38; 8/46
Great Britain--Commerce--Middle East	8/30
Great Britain--Commerce--North America	8/22; 8/23; 8/34; 8/39; 298/2; Bowhill 16
Great Britain--Commerce--Portugal	8/36; 299/5
Great Britain--Commerce--Spain	8/27; 298/3
Great Britain--Commerce--Turkey	8/30; 8/40
Great Britain--Commerce--West Indies	See also under name of individual colonies; 8/34; 298/2
Great Britain--Foreign relations--Hesse	8/29
Great Britain--Foreign relations--Prussia	8/29
Great Britain--Foreign relations--Russia	8/29
Great Britain--Foreign relations--Spain	8/29
Great Britain--Politics and government--18th century	8/32; 8/37; 8/42; 299/2
Great Britain. Armed Forces--Ordnance and ordnance stores	8/23; 8/26; 8/45
Great Britain. Army	8/19; 8/21; 8/22; 8/23; 8/26; 8/42; 299/2; 299/3
Great Britain. Army--Artillery	8/40/36
Great Britain. Army--Barracks and quarters	8/28
Great Britain. Army--Colonial troops	8/2; 8/23; 299/4
Great Britain. Army--Finance	8/23; 8/28; 8/35; 8/44; 8/47
Great Britain. Army--Officers	8/4; 8/26; 8/42
Great Britain. Army--Pay, allowances, etc.	8/34/78
Great Britain. Army--Recruiting, enlistment, etc.	8/22; 8/27
Great Britain. Army--Supplies and stores	8/24/a; 8/31
Great Britain. Marines	299/4
Great Britain. Parliament. House of Commons	8/5; 8/10; 8/23; 8/37; 8/38; 8/42; 296/8
Great Britain. Parliament. House of Lords	8/1; 8/5
Great Britain. Royal Navy	8/22/A; 8/23; 8/26; 8/52; 296/10/7; 297/1; 297/3; 299/2; 299/3
Great Britain. Royal Navy--Finance	8/52
Great Britain. Royal Navy--Recruiting, enlistment, etc.	299/4/25
Great Britain. Secret Service	8/24
Great Britain. Treasury	8/30; 8/40; 8/41
Great Lakes	8/31; 296/5
Greeks--Florida	297/4
Grenada--History--18th century	8/52; 298/4
Halifax (N.S.)--Census	8/27
Harwich (England)	8/3/A
Hat trade--England--London	8/17
Hats--Taxation--Great Britain	8/18
Hemp industry--North America	8/23
Hesse--Foreign relations--Great Britain	8/29
Hides and skins--Taxation--Great Britain	8/17
Highlands (Scotland)	296/7; 298/8
Impressment--Great Britain	297/3
India--History--18th century	8/33; 8/38
Indians of North America	8/2; 296/5
Ireland--History--18th century	296/6
Iron industry and trade--North America	8/22; 8/23; 299/5
Isle of Man	297/2; 298/1; Bowhill 6
Italy--History--18th century	299/5
Jamaica--Commerce	8/27; 8/34; 8/39; 8/44
Jamaica--History--18th century	8/44; 8/52; 297/5; 299/4
Jews--Great Britain	8/30/33
Leather industry and trade--Great Britain	8/17
Leather--Taxation--Great Britain	8/17
Linen industry--France	8/17
Linen industry--Great Britain	8/17
Linen industry--Ireland	8/17
Linen industry--Law and legislation--Great Britain	8/17
Linen industry--Russia	8/17
Linen industry--Scotland	8/17; 8/24/a
Linen--Taxation--Great Britain	8/17
London Fishmongers	8/5
Lotteries--Great Britain	8/7
Louisbourg (N.S.)	8/24/a
Louisbourg (N.S.)--Defenses	8/28
Louisburg (N.S.)--Siege, 1758	8/24/a
Lyttelton, William Henry Lyttelton, 1st baron, 1724-1808	8/44
Marriage--Law and legislation--Great Britain	298/5; 299/4/24
Marriages of royalty and nobility--Great Britain	8/19
Maryland Gazette	8/22/18
Maryland--History--Colonial period, ca.1600-1775	8/22/18; 8/35
Massachusetts--History--Colonial period, ca.1600-1775	8/22; 8/36; 297/2
Mentally ill--Care	299/2
Merchants--Great Britain	8/30/33
Merchants--New York (State)	8/31
Merchants of England Trading into the Levant Seas	8/30
Middle East--Commerce--Great Britain	8/30
Minorca	8/18; 8/44
Molasses--Taxation	8/31; 8/34
Morton, John, 1714-1780	8/37
Mutiny Act, 1766	8/46
Naval power--North America	8/31; 296/5
Navigation	299/4
New Jersey--Boundaries--New York (State)	299/4
New Jersey--History--Colonial period, ca.1600-1775	299/4
New York Gazette	8/22/19
New York (State)--Boundaries--New Jersey	299/4
New York (State)--History--Colonial period, ca.1600-1775	8/19; 8/22/19; 8/28; 8/39; 8/46; 298/4; 299/4; Bowhill 6
Newfoundland--History--18th century	8/4; 8/24/a; 8/45; 299/1
North America--Commerce--Great Britain	8/22; 8/23; 8/34; 8/39; 298/2
North America--Maps	Bowhill 18
Nova Scotia--History--18th century	8/24/a; 8/30; 296/7; 297/5
Paper money	8/31; 8/39
Paper--Taxation--Great Britain	8/17; 8/31
Partridge, Richard	8/24/a
Patronage (Political)--Great Britain	8/3/A 297/3
Pennsylvania Land Company	8/5
Pensions--Great Britain	8/19; 8/24
Poetry	Bowhill 13
Porcelain industry--Great Britain	8/40
Portugal--Commerce--Great Britain	8/36; 299/5
Potter, John, 1674?-1747	8/5
Pottery industry--Great Britain	8/40
Prisoners--Great Britain	8/20
Privateers--Great Britain	299/4/20
Prussia--Foreign relations--Great Britain	8/29
Quebec Campaign, 1759	8/45
Quebec--History--18th century	8/45; 297/4
Rent--Great Britain	8/21; 8/22/A
Rent--North America	8/21; 8/31
Requisitions, Military--New York (State)	8/28
Revenue--France	8/47; 8/52
Revenue--Great Britain	8/7; 8/21; 8/22/A; 298/1
Revenue--Great Britain--Colonies	8/31; 8/34; 8/48
Riots--Great Britain	8/14
Riots--Massachusetts--Boston	8/22
Roads--Great Britain	299/4/26
Roads--Law and legislation--Great Britain	8/5
Royalty--Great Britain	8/42
Rum industry--Senegal	8/17
Russia	8/21
Russia--Commerce	8/30
Russia--Foreign relations--Great Britain	8/29
Saint Augustine (Fla.)--Defenses	8/28
Saint Lucia--History--18th century	8/34
Salt--Taxation	8/31
Scotland	8/30; 298/2; 298/8
Scots--Canada	296/7
Seizure of vessels and cargoes	8/30
Senegal	8/2
Shirley, William, 1694-1771	8/27
Sicily--History--18th century	298/6
Silk industry--North America	8/22; 8/35
Sinking Fund	8/3/B; 8/19; 8/21; 8/46; 8/48
Smith, Adam, 1723-1790	8/49
Smuggling--Great Britain	8/18
Smuggling--Great Britain	296/7; 297/2; 298/1
Smuggling--Massachusetts	297/2
Soap--Taxation--Great Britain	8/18
South Carolina--History--Colonial period; ca.1600-1775	298/4
Spain--Colonies--West Indies	Bowhill 11
Spain--Commerce--Great Britain	8/27; 298/3
Spain--Foreign relations--Great Britain	8/29
Stamp Act, 1765	8/22; 8/40
Sugar trade	8/34
Sugar--Taxation	8/18; 8/23; 8/31; 8/34
Sulbrave (England). Proprietors	8/5
Taxation--Great Britain--Colonies	See also Excise; Tea Tax (American Colonies); etc. 8/30; 8/31; 296/5; 298/4
Tea Tax (American Colonies)	8/18; 8/31
Tea trade--Great Britain	8/18
Tea--Taxation--Great Britain	8/18
Textile industry--Great Britain	8/17; 8/18; 8/40
Timber--North America	8/23
Tobacco--Taxation--Great Britain	8/18
Townshend Family	296/6
Treaties	8/29; 8/33
Trials--Great Britain	8/35
Tripoli	297/1
Tunis	297/1
Turkey--Commerce--Great Britain	8/30; 8/40
United States--History--French and Indian War, 1755-1763	8/2; 8/3/B; 8/24/a; 8/27; 8/45; Bowhill 11; Bowhill 12
United States--History--French and Indian War, 1755-1763--Prizes, etc.	8/5 (various)
Waldo, Samuel	8/24/a
Watkins, Francis	8/5
Watson, Brook	8/34
West Indies--History--18th century	8/52; 296/5; 298/2
Whateley, Thomas. Considerations on Finances of this Kingdom and on the Measure of Administration…	8/20
Wilkes, John, 1727-1797	296/8
Wills--Great Britain	296/8; 296/11
Wine industry--Great Britain	8/18
Wine--Taxation	8/31
Wolfe, James, 1727-1759	8/45
Yarmouth (England)	8/52; 297/3

Related Materials

The following collections contain materials written by Townshend:

• Sydney papers (numerous Charles Townshend items)
• William Petty, 1st Marquis of Lansdowne, 2nd Earl of Shelburne papers: items dated [1766], [1767], March 20, 1767
• William Dowdeswell papers: June 27, 1765-October 25, 1766
• Thomas Gage papers : April 20, 1761 (English series), March 23, 1762 (American series)
• George Germain papers: April 29, 1764, [1765], [July 9, 1765], August 1, 1766.
• William Knox papers: August 27, 1763, and one undated item

Bibliography

Thomas, Peter D.G., "Townshend, Charles (1725--1767)." In Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004.

Alternative Form Available:

The collection has been microfilmed.

Subjects

Click on terms below to find any related finding aids on this site.

Subjects:

Alcoholic beverages--Taxation.
Customs administration.
Debts, Public--Great Britain.
Finance, Public--Great Britain.
Iron industry and trade.
Sugar--Taxation.
Taxation--Great Britain.

Formats:

Legal documents.
Letters (correspondence)

Names:

East India Company.
Great Britain. Army.
Great Britain. Parliament.
Great Britain. Royal Navy.
Great Britain. Treasury.
Barrington, William Wildman Barrington, Viscount, 1717-1793.
Buccleuch, Henry Scott, Duke of, 1746-1812.
Burke, Edmund, 1729-1797.
Bute, John Stuart, Earl of, 1713-1792.
Carlyle, Alexander, 1722-1805.
Conway, Henry Seymour, 1721-1795.
Cooper, Grey, Sir, ca. 1726-1801.
Dowdeswell, William, 1721-1775.
East India Company.
Fox, Charles James, 1749-1806.
Gage, Thomas, 1721-1787.
Grafton, Augustus Henry Fitzroy, Duke of, 1735-1811.
Great Britain. Army.
Great Britain. Board of Trade.
Great Britain. Customs Establishment.
Great Britain. Parliament. House of Lords.
Great Britain. Royal Navy.
Great Britain. Treasury.
Great Britain. War Office.
Hamilton, Charles, 1704-1786.
Keppel, Augustus Keppel, Viscount, 1725-1786.
Lansdowne, William Petty, Marquis of, 1737-1805.
Lyttelton, William Henry Lyttelton, Baron, 1724-1808.
Macaulay, George, 1716-1766.
Melville, Henry Dundas, Viscount, 1742-1811.
Moore, Henry, Sir, 1713-1769.
Morton, John, 1714 or 15-1780.
New York (Colony) General Assembly.
Newcastle, Thomas Pelham-Holles, Duke of, 1693-1768.
Pitt, William, Earl of Chatham, 1708-1778.
Sackville, George Germain, Viscount, 1716-1785.
Shirley, William, 1694-1771.
Spencer, John Spencer, Earl, 1734-1783.
Touchet, Samuel, ca. 1705-1773.
Townshend, George Townshend, 1st Marquis, 1724-1807.
Walpole, Edward, Sir, 1706-1784.
Walpole, Horace, 1717-1797.
Wolfe, James, 1727-1759.
Yonge, George, Sir, 1731-1812.
Yorke, Charles, 1722-1770.

Places:

Africa--Commerce.
Florida--History--English colony, 1763-1784.
France--History--18th century.
Great Britain--Colonies--Commerce.
Great Britain--Commerce.
Great Britain--Foreign relations.
Great Britain--Politics and government--18th century.
Great Britain--Taxation.
Jamaica--History.
Massachusetts--History--Colonial period, ca.1600-1775.
New York (State)--History--Colonial period, ca.1600-1775.
Newfoundland and Labrador--History.
Nova Scotia--History.
United States--History--French and Indian War, 1755-1763.
West Indies--History--18th century.