Collections : [University of Michigan William L. Clements Library]

This diary was kept by Fannie Spalding Cuddeback of Skaneateles, New York, between 1885 and 1890. Her entries note social gatherings, visits, and her ongoing domestic tasks, and cover topics such as religion, the passing of time, death, and more. At the time of her entries, Fannie was living with her married children and was approximately 66-70 years old.

This diary was kept by Fannie Spalding Cuddeback of Skaneateles, New York between 1885 and 1890. Her entries note social gatherings, visits, and ongoing domestic tasks, and cover topics such as religion, the passing of time, death, and more. At the time of her entries, Fannie was living with her married children.

• School ceremonies
• Hosting visits
• Quaker and religious gatherings
• Washing and laundry
• Finances and taxes
• Housecleaning
• Sewing
• Baking and preparing foodstuffs like milk and butter
• Wallpapering
• Leisure
• Sorrow
• Winter weather
• Family matters

The Sewing designs sample book contains 47 hand-stitched design samples made of thread on paper.

The Sewing designs sample book contains 47 hand-stitched design samples made of thread on paper. Designs range from simple to complicated shapes and patterns to fruit, a circular shell, and Native American-inspired objects such as a bow and arrow, a moccasin, a snowshoe, and a canoe. Multiple colors of thread are utilized. The sample book (24 x 28.5 cm) is closed with a string tie.

This collection is mostly made up of letters written by United States politician Fisher Ames from the 1780s to early 1800s. He discussed political topics such as the first United States Congress, Congressional disagreements, sectarianism in Congress, the United States presidential election of 1796, and several prominent politicians. Two printed portraits of Ames are also included.

This collection (23 items) contains 21 letters by United States politician Fisher Ames, including 17 letters pertaining directly to United States politics. From March 4, 1789, to June 3, 1805, he wrote to multiple correspondents about his experiences in the United States House of Representatives. Ames commented in depth on issues such as poor attendance during the legislature's inaugural session, the location of the national capital, sectarian disagreements between congressmen from the North and South, the presidential election of 1796, the First Bank of the United States, and the role and members of the federal judiciary. He mentioned prominent politicians such as Benjamin Lincoln, Alexander Hamilton, Thomas Jefferson, John Adams, William Branch Giles, and James Madison. In one undated letter, Ames advised the recipient to avoid a political career and commented briefly on the Embargo and the possibility of war with England and France.

The collection's other manuscripts include a financial document between Ames and Eli Pond, regarding board for a colt (May 30, 1783), correspondence concerning the Episcopal Church in Boston, Massachusetts (August 14, 1797), an invitation to speak to a charitable organization (February 22, 1803), and the construction of a wall (October 22, 1804). Two portraits, housed in the Graphics Division, are engravings based on paintings by Gilbert Stuart and Alonzo Chappel.

The Flathead Indian Reservation photograph album contains 65 photographs of Native American men, women, and children on the Flathead Indian Reservation and in Missoula, Montana.

The Flathead Indian Reservation photograph album contains 65 photographs of Native American men, women, and children on the Flathead Indian Reservation and in Missoula, Montana.

The album (30 x 26 cm) is a modern three-ring binder with brown faux leather covers. All the album’s images are unmounted snapshots that have been arranged inside plastic album sleeves. The snapshots are mostly either 10 x 7 cm or 10.5 x 16 cm.

The album begins with portraits of Native American individuals taken in the Higgins Block of downtown Missoula, Montana, including two portraits of a Native American man posing with his infant child in a cradleboard as well as an unidentified white man, and four portraits taken outside of “Al Green’s Shaving Parlor.” Other images likely taken in and around Missoula show up elsewhere throughout the album, including several group portraits with a white fence in the background that may possibly have been taken outside the residence of the photographer, Dr. C. W. Lombard. Many photographs also appear to have been taken at the Flathead Indian Reservation.

Images of particular interest include photographs showing Native American individuals and groups (including many families) wearing western and/or traditional clothing, infants in cradleboards, encampment and reservation scenes, and landscape views. While many portraits appear to be quite casual and relatively unscripted, several clearly staged photographs are present including a man and older woman posing with sheep heads, two women (one holding a mirror) combing their hair by a river, and two men playing cards in front of a tipi.

While none of the subjects photographed in this album are identified by captions, an older man appearing in two photographs (one posing with a child on a hobby horse and another posing with a group in downtown Missoula with a child in a hand-pulled wagon) has been identified through research as Baptiste Kakashee, also known as Judge Phte and Kil-Ki-Chee.

This collection is made up of seven letters to Dr. Francis T. Stribling, in his capacity as director of the Western Lunatic Asylum in Staunton, Virginia. They include inquiries about patients at the institution, queries about admissions, and an 1855 printed circular request by the Commission on Lunacy, Massachusetts, for patient information to include in their census/report.

This collection is made up of seven letters to Dr. Francis T. Stribling, in his capacity as director of the Western Lunatic Asylum in Staunton, Virginia. They include inquiries about patients at the institution, queries about admissions, and an 1855 printed circular request by the Commission on Lunacy, Massachusetts, for patient information to include in their census/report.

See the box and folder listing in this document for more information about each item in this collection.

Frederick W. Whipple maintained this notebook while studying at the Classical Institute of Warren, Rhode Island and Brown University. It contains Whipple's essays, notes, practice letters, and other sections relating to his education between 1855 and 1862.

Frederick W. Whipple maintained this while studying at the Classical Institute of Warren, Rhode Island and Brown University. It contains Whipple's essays, notes, practice letters, and other sections relating to his education between 1855 and 1862.

Whipple began studying at the Classical Institute in 1855 and began studying at Brown University in 1862. A section relating to composition includes essays on education, woolen mills, California, nighttime, Native Americans, the American Revolution, intemperance, agriculture, and "What the result will be if Fremont or Buchanan are elected." Debate answers for whether war is justified or not are also included, as well as lists of etiquette rules for church and dining.

Whipple's Brown University lecture notes cover topics on essay writing, argumentation, persuasion, style and grammar, precision, completeness, and unequivocal words.

The Clements Library's collection of individual friendship and autograph albums (the ones that are not part of larger bodies of family papers) dates primarily from the second half of the 19th century. The creators of these albums sought out friends, family, schoolmates, public persons, and others to write signatures, sentiments, poetry, extracts from books and serials, personal sentiments, and more. Contributions often emphasize ties of friendship, exhortations to seek love, happiness, or Christian religious salvation. Most of the volumes in this collection were compiled in the Northeast United States and areas in the Midwest, with urban and rural areas represented. The greater number of the albums were kept by young women and the bulk of the signers were also female. Contributors occasionally illustrated pages with calligraphic designs, trompe l'oeil visiting cards, animals, flowers, and themes that had particular significance to their relationship with the keeper of the album. The volumes in this collection are largely decorative blank books adorned with tooled covers, sometimes containing interspersed engravings of religious, literary, historical, and landscape themes. Some include pasted-in photographs, die-cuts, or stickers.

The Clements Library's collection of individual friendship and autograph albums (the ones that are not part of larger bodies of family papers) dates primarily from the second half of the 19th century. The creators of these albums sought out friends, family, schoolmates, public persons, and others to write signatures, sentiments, poetry, extracts from books and serials, personal sentiments, and more. Contributions often emphasize ties of friendship, exhortations to seek love, happiness, or Christian religious salvation. Most of the volumes in this collection were compiled in the Northeast United States and areas in the Midwest, with urban and rural areas represented. The greater number of the albums were kept by young women and the bulk of the signers were also female. At least one volume was kept by an African American man, Lewis G. Mosebay. Contributors occasionally illustrated pages with calligraphic designs, trompe l'oeil visiting cards, animals, flowers, and themes that had particular significance to their relationship with the keeper of the album. The volumes in this collection are largely decorative blank books adorned with tooled covers, sometimes containing interspersed engravings of religious, literary, historical, and landscape themes. Some include pasted-in photographs, die-cuts, or stickers.

The Frost family travel photograph album contains approximately 345 photographs of trips to Florida, the Bahamas, Colorado, Maine, and other locations.

The Frost family travel photograph album contains approximately 345 photographs of trips to Florida, the Bahamas, Colorado, Maine, and other locations.

The album (18 x 29.5 cm) has brown leather covers with "Photographs" stamped in gold on the front. Contents begin with images of Greenwich, Connecticut, and views taken aboard a Clyde steamer heading to Jacksonville, Florida, in 1898. Subsequent images of interest include a couple posing in front of Hotel Ponce de Leon; breaking ground for the Miami Hotel; views of Palm Beach; Fourth of July in the Catskills; and views of New York and Long Island. Also present are images of a trip to Colorado Springs in 1900 including views of the Garden of the Gods and Pikes Peak; views of Minneapolis and Duluth in Minnesota (including "Indian Mounds"); a steamer from Duluth to Buffalo; the Great Lakes; the International Hotel in Buffalo; Niagara Falls; several large commercially produced views of Cuba; Frost family headstones in Newcastle and Eliot, Massachusetts; the Pepperrell and Sparhawk houses in Kittery Point, Maine, and Boston; the Pepperrell Tombs; Washington, D.C.; and a trip to Nassau in the Bahamas in 1897.

This collection contains documents, correspondence, and a journal related to German immigrant Carl Gallwitz and to the Mathes family, Alsatian immigrants who were later related to the Gallwitz family by marriage. Included are German-language documents from the early 19th century as well as a journal that Carl Gallwitz kept while traveling to and around the United States in the 1820s.

This collection contains 9 documents, 2 letters, and a journal related to German immigrant Carl Christ Wilhelm Gallwitz and to the Mathes family, Alsatian immigrants who were later related to the Gallwitz family by marriage.

The first 5 items, all in German, are 3 baptism certificates, a printed poem about baptism, and a document. The poem is surrounded by a colored printed floral border, and the document is written on a sheet with a colored illustration of two birds in a floral setting. Other documents are a naturalization certificate for Martin Mathers [sic], issued in Wooster, Ohio (April 2, 1855), and a German and French document from the 1860s certifying the 1833 birth of George Mathes to Martin Mathes and Marguerite Rott of the Alsatian town of Wissembourg.

Correspondence includes a German letter from Martin Mathes, Jr., to his father (July 19, 1850) and a letter signed by several men in Coloma, California, about the death of Martin Mathes, Jr., and funeral costs (December 8, 1850). A manuscript poem in German and an illustration of the Sun are undated.

Carl Christ Wilhelm Gallwitz kept a journal (459 pages) between March 22, 1820, and January 1832. He documented his travels in Europe and in the United States, as well as his life in Ohio. Gallwitz wrote brief entries almost daily between 1820 and 1822, and less frequently through January 1832. Gallwitz occasionally drew illustrations, including a kite's stringing system (July 1, 1820, p. 68), various types of fish (July 4, 1820, pp. 71-73), a "May apple" plant (August 6, 1820, p. 94), and an unidentified mammal (19 August, 1820, p. 99). The journal includes a list of cities that Gallwitz visited while traveling between Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, and New Orleans, Louisiana (pp. 270-271), as well as several pages of watercolor and ink manuscript maps of his traveling route, usually made on riverboats (pp. 273-299). A translated copy of the journal and Gallwitz's itinerary are housed with the collection.

The journal also includes a colorful illustration of a man painting the portrait of a woman in an interior setting, featuring details such as a patterned rug, a side table with teacups, and paintings hung on the wall (p. 486). Two additional illustrations depict store signs for "L. Weeman & Comp. Store" and "1823. L. Ewing's Office" (p. 491). The inside of the back cover bears a pencil sketch of three figures at the base of a bluff.

The Galway's Estate Papers consists of approximately 45 letters, 104 documents, and a handful of letter covers and wrappers produced between 1782 and 1835, relating to the sugar plantation in Montserrat that was owned by James Neave and his descendants. The collection documents the financial affairs of the plantation, absentee management operations from England, sugar production and trade, and tracking the labor of the approximately 150-160 enslaved workers.

The Galway's Estate Papers consists of approximately 45 letters, 104 documents, and a handful of letter covers and wrappers produced between 1782 and 1835, relating to the sugar plantation in Montserrat that was owned by James Neave and his descendants. The collection documents the financial affairs of the plantation, absentee management operations from England, sugar production and trade, and tracking the labor of the approximately 150-160 enslaved workers.

The bulk of the Correspondence Series consists of letters written from Montserrat to James Neave in Nunton, England, and after Neave's death from various correspondents in England to John Thomas Batt, his son-in-law. Much of the correspondence relates to the management of the plantation with details on weather, crops, fertilization efforts, managing livestock, work on buildings and infrastructure, notes on provisions, sugar sales, and other plantation and financial affairs. Many of the letters were written by two attorneys hired by James Neave in Montserrat, Alexander Hood and Richard McNamera. John Willett, another Englishman who spent time living in Montserrat, wrote to Neave applauding his choice to have two attorneys helping to oversee his estate, noting "every man here is for himself & they would take the Teeth out of your head if they could" (May 30, 1793). In addition to relying on attorneys and managers in Montserrat, both Neave and Batt employed merchant firms to help manage shipments and sales of sugar.

Other letters provide insight into Montserrat's social world, such as advice to send the manager of the plantation, Daniel Allers, a better fowling piece and saddle as "these little articles have more effect in that Country than you can conceive and you will be sure to be repaid by their assiduity on acco[un]t of such attention" (September 20, 1794). Advisement to provide Allers with annual gifts and salary raises continued following the passage of the estate to John Thomas Batt (March 1795). A copy of a letter from Thomas Cannonier, another manager of Galway's Estate, disputed his removal from the position and having the position given "to a Mulatto Man of the name of Jack Skerrett . . . my living depends upon my character, and when a Business is taken from a Young Man in this way, it casts a blot upon him" (May 17, 1804).

The letters track difficulties encountered on the plantation, such as drought, crop failures, damage by pests like sugarcane borer and rats, as well as challenges with attempts to produce coffee and secure transport of sugar crops. Mentions of enslaved workers include commentary on "Incurables" and their cost to the estate (January 15, 1791), enslaved people's refusal to accept spoiled provisions (July 21, 1790; March 20, 1793), and the "excitement prevailing generally among the negroes on the subject of emancipation" that were impacting decisions to ship clothing (October 30, 1833).

Several letters reference international concerns, including matters relating to the War of the First Coalition. Writers noted fear of conflict with France and Spain (July 12, 1790), Charles Grey's capture of Martinique (March 3, 1794), the presence of Admiral Gardner in the region (May 30, 1793), the impact of captured ships and fears of war with America (July 26, 1794), the presence of the French near Guadeloupe (September 20, 1794), and captured stores (July 3, 1804). Other letters commented on the island resident's sense of isolation and their excitement over receiving European newspapers and magazines (January 15, 1791; October 13, 1791; July 21, 1793).

The later letters in the collection date from the 1820s and 1830s and reference efforts to transfer management of Galway's Estate to the firm of Manning & Anderson and their subsequent communications on the plantation.

The Documents Series includes documentation of sugar sales, receipts, annual plantation accounts, enumerated lists of enslaved workers and livestock, among other items. Several accounts list the entirety of the enslaved population on Galway's Estate by first name, occasionally providing valuations, indication of where individuals labored, who was superannuated, and numbers of deaths and births. In a few instances disabilities or accommodations are suggested (e.g. blind, "wh. one leg," "does not work being the Mother of Nine Children").

Twenty two partially printed weekly accounts of the plantation were filled out by the plantation manager Daniel Allers between July 3, 1796, and October 14, 1797. They list out the numbers of enslaved workers, their distribution doing various tasks, the numbers who were sick, as well as accounts of livestock, weather, shipments, and other occurrences. Allers noted any additional days "given" to the enslaved workers to "work their Grounds" or "plant provisions." He also generally described the agricultural tasks being accomplished, such as weeding or holing, and recorded deaths of enslaved people and livestock. On August 9, 1796, Allers noted the death of a boy "from no other complaint but by eating dirt," and in August and September 1797 he noted that five were sick from "Sores & Yaws."

Other invoices list "sundry stores" shipped to or needed in Montserrat, including provisions, tools, seeds, cloth, and other goods, while other annual accounts list out general expenses incurred at the plantation, including work on outbuildings, "Madeira Wine used for sick Negroes when in small pox" (April 1, 1793), inoculations, salary and wages, taxes, and more. Additional financial documents include annual accounts for the disposal of the plantation's sugar, providing a broad overview of the income generated by the plantation. Several documents relating to handling the administration of James Neave's estate following his death are also present, as well as a draft of a lease from 1829 and a list of "Usual Clauses of a West India Lease."